Bullmastiff Dog Breed Review

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The Bullmastiff is a robust and powerful dog breed known for its impressive strength and protective instincts. Developed in the 19th century by gamekeepers on English estates, the breed was created by crossing the Old English Bulldog and the English Mastiff. The goal was to produce a dog that could assist in guarding estates and apprehending poachers. Their distinct combination of speed, strength, and a keen sense of smell made them exceptionally suitable for these tasks. Today, the Bullmastiff is not only a loyal guardian but also a beloved family companion, valued for its gentle temperament when not provoked.

Bullmastiffs possess a short, dense coat that can display a range of colors including fawn, red, or brindle. They have a large, broad skull, and their build conveys a combination of power, endurance, and agility. Despite their intimidating appearance, Bullmastiffs are known for their docility and affectionate nature towards their families. They are relatively inactive indoors and can fit well into a family environment, making good use of their protective instincts in a more domestic setting.

Care for a Bullmastiff requires early socialization and consistent, firm training to ensure they grow into well-adjusted adults. Due to their size and strength, it’s important for owners to establish clear boundaries and leadership. Health considerations for the breed include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, and certain cardiac issues. Regular veterinary check-ups and a well-managed diet are essential to maintain their health and longevity. The breed typically has a good-natured disposition, but it’s also known for being willful, which can be managed with the appropriate training and social interactions.

About The Bullmastiff Breed

The Bullmastiff is a powerful dog, known for its use as a gamekeeper’s guardian against poachers. They possess a unique blend of strength, endurance, and loyalty.

Bullmastiff History

Originating in the mid-1800s in England, the Bullmastiff was developed by crossing the Bulldog with the larger Mastiff. This blend was engineered to produce a dog with the speed to chase intruders yet the size to hold them without causing serious injury. Initially utilized to guard estates, the breed quickly gained a reputation for its intimidating presence and protective instincts. The breed was first officially recognized by the English Kennel Club in 1924, and by the American Kennel Club in 1933.

Bullmastiff Characteristics

The Bullmastiff is a robust, powerful dog known for its physical strength and loyal temperament.

Bullmastiff Temperament And Behavior

The Bullmastiff is known for its protective nature, often serving as an excellent guard dog. They exhibit a calm and confident demeanor when properly trained and socialized. Despite their size, they are typically gentle with their family and demonstrate patience with children.

  • Protective: Instinctively guards their home and family.
  • Affectionate: Strong bond with family members.
  • Trainable: Responds well to consistent, positive training methods.
  • Socialization: Crucial for preventing aggression toward strangers and other animals.

Bullmastiff Size

The size of a Bullmastiff is one of their most defining characteristics.

  • Height: Males typically stand 25 to 27 inches tall at the withers, with females slightly smaller at 24 to 26 inches.
  • Weight: Males weigh between 110 to 130 pounds, while females are generally 100 to 120 pounds.
GenderHeight (inches)Weight (pounds)
Male25 to 27110 to 130
Female24 to 26100 to 120

The Bullmastiff’s compact and muscular build is well-suited for its historical roles which have included estate guarding and gamekeeping.

Bullmastiff Health

The Bullmastiff is known for being a robust breed, but they do have specific health concerns and a general life expectancy that potential owners should be aware of.

Bullmastiff Lifespan

Bullmastiffs typically live between 8 to 10 years. Good breeding practices, proper diet, regular exercise, and routine veterinary care can contribute to a Bullmastiff living a full life.

Bullmastiff Health Issues

Bullmastiffs are prone to certain health conditions, a few of which are more common in this breed. Owners should be on the lookout for these issues and consult with a veterinarian for regular health check-ups.

  • Common Conditions:

    • Hip Dysplasia: A malformation of the hip joint that can lead to pain and arthritis.
    • Elbow Dysplasia: Similar to hip dysplasia but affects the elbow joints.
    • Gastric Torsion/Bloat: A life-threatening condition where the stomach fills with air and twists.
    • Hypothyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, affecting metabolism.
    • Cancer: Includes lymphoma and mast cell tumors.
  • Screenings & Prevention:

    • Hip and Elbow Evaluation: Recommended to screen for dysplasia.
    • Thyroid Function Test: To detect early signs of hypothyroidism.
    • Regular Veterinarian Visits: For early detection and management of health issues.

Bullmastiff Grooming

The Bullmastiff’s grooming routine is fundamental for its health and appearance. They possess a short, dense coat that requires regular attention to maintain its condition.

Weekly Brushing:
A firm bristle brush is effective for the Bullmastiff’s coat, typically used once a week to remove loose fur and distribute skin oils. Regular brushing also helps to minimize shedding and maintain a clean coat.

Bathing:
Bathing should occur as needed, but not so frequently as to strip the coat of natural oils. A monthly bath with dog-specific shampoo is advisable unless the dog becomes especially dirty or smelly.

Ear Care:
Monitor their ears weekly for signs of infection, irritation, or wax buildup. Cleaning with a vet-approved solution can help prevent problems.

Eye Cleaning:
They tend to have weepy eyes, so regular wiping with a soft, damp cloth can prevent staining and keep the area clean.

Nail Trimming:
Trimming nails every month is crucial to prevent discomfort and mobility issues. Overgrown nails can cause pain and can potentially lead to problems with walking.

Dental Hygiene:
To prevent dental issues, cleaning their teeth at least two or three times a week is recommended. Using dog-specific toothpaste helps maintain oral health.

Skin Folds:
The Bullmastiff can have skin folds, particularly around the face, which need cleaning to prevent irritation or infection. Checking and cleaning these areas should be part of the grooming routine.

Adhering to these grooming steps ensures the Bullmastiff remains comfortable and healthy. Regular grooming also provides an opportunity to check for any skin issues or parasites.

Bullmastiff Exercise

Bullmastiffs require regular exercise to maintain their health and manage their large size. They are not as high-energy as some breeds, but daily exercise is necessary to prevent boredom and keep them in good shape. Their exercise needs can typically be met with a couple of walks per day and some playtime in a secure area.

  • Walks: Two 20-30 minute walks per day.

  • Playtime: Access to a fenced yard or secure area for free play.

  • Mental Stimulation: Activities such as hide-and-seek or puzzle toys to engage their mind.

Due to their large size and risk of joint issues, it’s crucial to monitor the intensity of their activities. Avoid high-impact exercises, particularly with puppies whose joints are still developing. Instead, focus on low-impact activities:

  • Swimming
  • Gentle fetch
  • Walking on soft surfaces such as grass

Bullmastiffs are prone to overheating, so exercise should be done during the cooler parts of the day and always provide them with plenty of water. Their exercise regimen should be carefully managed to avoid excessive weight gain, which can place additional stress on their joints.

Adult Bullmastiffs may appear lazy at times; therefore, it’s essential to encourage them to stay active, without being too forceful. Exercise also serves as a bonding opportunity for the owner and their Bullmastiff, reinforcing the relationship through positive experiences.

Bullmastiff Training

Training a Bullmastiff is an essential aspect of their development and ownership. The breed possesses a natural protective instinct and requires consistent, firm training to ensure they are well-behaved.

Start Early: Puppyhood is the ideal time to begin training. Socialization should be a top priority, introducing the Bullmastiff to various people, animals, and environments.

Positive Reinforcement: Utilize treats and praises to reward desired behaviors. Harsh methods can lead to resistance and behavioral issues.

Consistency is Key: Establishing regular routines and repeating commands helps the Bullmastiff learn effectively. Inconsistency can cause confusion and impede progress.

Basic Commands: Training should include essential commands such as:

  • Sit
  • Stay
  • Come
  • Down
  • Leave it

Table of Expected Timeframe for Mastering Basic Commands:

CommandExpected Timeframe for Proficiency
Sit1-2 weeks
Stay2-3 weeks
Come1-3 weeks
Down2-4 weeks
Leave it3-5 weeks

Leash Training: Bullmastiffs should learn to walk calmly on a leash. Short, frequent sessions help them get accustomed to the leash without becoming overly tired or frustrated.

Training Challenges: Due to their large size and strong will, Bullmastiffs may test boundaries. Consistent leadership is required to manage these challenges. If difficulties persist, it is advisable to seek help from a professional dog trainer or behaviorist.

Bullmastiff Nutrition

The Bullmastiff’s diet should be carefully considered to ensure they receive the right balance of nutrients. Protein is essential for muscle development and maintenance, and it should come from high-quality animal sources such as chicken, beef, or lamb. Fats are equally important for energy and to maintain a healthy coat, but the quantity should be monitored to prevent obesity, especially since Bullmastiffs can be prone to weight gain.

They require a balanced intake of carbohydrates for energy, preferring complex carbs like brown rice and sweet potatoes over simple sugars. Essential vitamins and minerals must be included, often through fruits and vegetables or supplements. Calcium and phosphorus are vital for bone health, while fatty acids like omega-3 and omega-6 support skin and coat health.

Adult Bullmastiffs typically do well on two meals a day. Here’s a basic guideline for daily portions:

AgeCups of Food
2-6 months2-4
6-12 months3-6
Adult3-7

The exact amount can vary based on the dog’s size, age, and activity level. It can be beneficial to provide a mix of dry and wet food to balance moisture intake, as some Bullmastiffs may not drink as much water as they should.

Treats should be given sparingly and should be healthy, such as sliced vegetables or vet-approved dog treats. Hydration is critical, so fresh water must always be available. It’s advisable to have the dog’s diet reviewed by a veterinarian, as Bullmastiffs may have specific dietary needs at different stages of their lives.

Bullmastiff Fun Facts

  • Origin: The Bullmastiff breed originated in England in the mid-19th century.
  • Nicknames: They are often referred to as the “Gamekeeper’s Night-Dog”.

Size and Strength:

  • Weight: They typically weigh between 100 and 130 pounds.
  • Height: They stand around 24 to 27 inches tall at the withers.

Temperament:

  • Bullmastiffs are known for being loyal and protective of their families.
  • They possess a natural guard dog instinct but are generally gentle unless provoked.

Lifespan:

  • On average, they live for about 8 to 10 years.

Coat and Color:

  • The breed has a short and dense coat that can come in fawn, red, or brindle colors.

Exercise Needs:

  • Although they are large, they require only moderate exercise.
HealthNote
Hip DysplasiaCommon in larger breeds and can affect Bullmastiffs.
Elbow DysplasiaAlso a concern and should be screened for in breeding.
MaintenanceThey have a relatively easy grooming routine due to their short coat.

Role in Society:

  • Historically, they were used by gamekeepers to track down poachers.
  • Today, they make excellent family companions and are sometimes employed as therapy dogs or police dogs.

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