Japanese Dog Breeds Are More Than Just the Shiba Inu

Japanese dog breeds stand out for their unique characteristics and diverse appearances. While some are common, others are rarer and less familiar to American dog enthusiasts. There are 11 notable Japanese dog breeds you should know about. Six breeds are “Nihon ken,” meaning they are native to Japan, whereas others were introduced from other countries over the years.
Akita

Akita is a spitz breed known for loyalty, affection, and thick double coat. These large dogs, weighing over 100 pounds, are an ancient breed revered in Japan and considered a symbol of happiness and longevity. Their bear-like features include almond eyes, sharp ears, and a broad head. While historically used for hunting and guarding, Akitas are popular family companions today.
Shiba Inu

Holding the title of the smallest and most ancient of the six native breeds, Shiba Inu’s appearance resembles a fox. Standing at a height of 13-17 inches and weighing between 17-23 pounds, they possess a compact yet muscular build, ideal for navigating their adventurous spirit. While fiercely loyal to their families, Shibas can be independent thinkers, sometimes displaying a cat-like aloofness with unfamiliar faces.
Hokkaido

The Hokkaido dog is a cherished companion in its homeland but remains relatively rare elsewhere. Their history stretches back to the 1140s when ancestors of these medium-sized canines arrived in Hokkaido with immigrants from Honshu. Historically prized by the Ainu people for hunting large game, Hokkaido is known for its alertness, intelligence, and boldness.
Kai Ken

Adept swimmers, climbers, and trackers, Kai Ken dogs are masters of steering their mountainous habitat. Hailing from the Kai Province in Japan, the Kai Ken is a rare breed even within its homeland. Though not known for scaling towering trees, their impressive athleticism allows them to steer rocky slopes and climb smaller trees.
Kishu Ken

Among the Nihon Ken breeds, the Kai Ken stands out for its distinctive striped coat, earning them the affectionate nickname “tiger dog.” Bred to be hunters in Japan’s mountainous regions, Kai Kens are known for their agility and well-developed muscles. Since they have strong hunting instincts, it would be ideal not to let them be walked off-leash.
Shikoku

Prized by Japanese hunters for their exceptional tracking abilities, the Shikoku dog was an essential partner in pursuing wild boar and deer through Shikoku Island’s forests and rugged mountains. However, consistent training and socialization are vital for them to become suitable companions. Even today, they continue to impress us with their remarkable stamina and unwavering determination.
Tosa Inu

Tosa Inu, or the Japanese Mastiff, is a rare and powerful breed known for its size and strength. Developed in Japan for dog fighting (a now-banned practice), they have transitioned into companions for experienced owners. Although they can be gentle with their families, their size and history require responsible ownership, socialization, and training.
Japanese Chin

Not to be confused with Spaniels, the Japanese Chin is a treasured toy breed known for its companionship and unique history. Quickly capturing the hearts of the Japanese aristocracy, they became pampered lap dogs and cherished companions. At a petite 8-11 inches and a mere 7-9 pounds, they have long, silky coats that add to their elegance.
Japanese Terrier

Japan’s first officially recognized terrier breed, Japanese terriers, typically weigh between 8 and 13 pounds. Packed with a playful spirit, they’re a delightful addition to any active household. These loyal companions thrive on playtime and will surely bring joy to your life. Yes, they’re undeniably cute!
Japanese Spitz

A spitz-type cousin to the Pomeranian and American Eskimo Dog, the Japanese Spitz is a relatively new breed developed in Japan between the 1920s and 1930s. By the 1950s, their popularity soared beyond Japan, charming hearts worldwide. Energetic and alert, they make excellent watchdogs and love participating in family activities.
Ryukyu

Veiled in mystery, the Ryukyu Inu is an ancient breed native to the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and is an endangered breed. While detailed records are scarce, these medium-sized dogs have a curled tail and a thick double coat, with some Ryukyus having a dew claw.